Parking Slot Measurement
Parking Stall Layout Considerations
The objective of the layout design is to maximize the number of stalls, while following the guidelines below.
The dimensions must also follow particular specifications separate from the standard measurements. To account for wheelchairs and other equipment, handicap parking spaces will typically need to be a minimum of 14 feet wide. Depending on the accommodation of handicap-accessible vans, the length of a space might also need to be increased.
For instance, if you're designing the parking for a grocery store, you might need to provide wider spaces for people carrying groceries. Nine by 19 feet is the standard size for public-use parking spaces. Not all spaces will be the same size, however, as some parking slots are reserved for particular purposes, like providing access for the. DataTubes are wireless vehicle detection sensors that can be used for off-line traffic surveys. Detection resuls are stored inside the sensor node that is mo. Marked to prohibit parking or other obstruction of such emergency access (See Part V, “Off-Street Parking and Loading”, Waco Zoning Ordinance). A required off-street loading space shall be at least 12 feet in width and at least 45 feet in length exclusive driveways, aisles, ramps, maneuvering space, columns, work areas, and shall. Estimate the area per parking stall that is appropriate for the site. Typical ranges for surface parking lots are 300 to 350 square feet per parking stall, which includes the area required for the parking stall and drive aisles.
- The layout of the parking facility must be flexible enough to adapt to future changes in vehicle dimensions.
- The stall and aisle dimensions must be compatible with the type of operation planned for the facility.
The critical dimensions are the width and length of stalls, the width of aisles, the angle of parking, and the radius of turns. All of these dimensions are related to the vehicle dimensions and performance characteristics. In recent years there have been a number of changes in vehicle dimensions. The popularity of minivans and sport utility vehicles has had an impact on the design of parking facilities. For the near future, a wide mix of vehicle sizes should be anticipated. There are three approaches for handling the layout:
- Design all spaces for large-size vehicles (about 6 feet wide and 17-18 ft long).
- Design some of the spaces for large vehicles and some for small vehicles (these are about 5 ft wide and 14-15 ft long).
- Provide a layout with intermediate dimensions (too small for large vehicles and too big for small vehicles).
For design, it is customary to work with stalls and aisles in combinations called 'modules'. A complete module is one access aisle servicing a row of parking on each side of the aisle. The width of an aisle is usually 12 to 26 feet depending on the angle at which the parking stalls are oriented.
Stall Width
For simplicity, the stall width is measured perpendicular to the vehicle, not parallel to the aisle. If the stall is placed at an angle of less than 90o, then the width parallel to the aisle will increase while the width perpendicular to the vehicle will remain the same.
Stall Length
The length of the stall should be large enough to accommodate most of the vehicles. The length of the stall refers to the longitudinal dimension of the stall. When the stall is rotated an angle of less than 90o, the stall depth perpendicular to the aisle increases up to 1 foot or more. It should be noted that the effective stall depth depends on the boundary conditions of the module, which could include walls on each side of the module, curbs with or without overhang, or drive-in versus back-in operations. For parking at angles of less than 90o, front bumper overhangs beyond the curbing are generally reduced with decreasing angle and, for example, drop to about 2 feet at 45o angles. The Table 8-3 below gives the standard dimensions for several different layouts as defined by Figure 8-4.
Table 8-3 and Figure 8-4 where taken from:
Weant, R.A. and Levinson, H.S., Parking, Eno Foundation, 1990, page 161.
Interlock Module
A special type of module, the interlock, is possible at angles below 90o. There are two types of interlock. The most common, and preferable, type is the bumper-to-bumper arrangement. The second type, the 'herringbone' interlock, can be used at 45o and is produced by adjacent sides having one way movements in the same direction. This arrangement requires the bumper of one car to face the fender of another car. Figure 8-3 shows several different module layouts that are commonly used.
Comparing Angle Efficiencies
Parking Slot Measurement Ford
The relative efficiencies of various parking angles can be compared by looking at the number of square feet required per car space (including the prorated area of the access aisle and entrances). Where the size and shape of the tract is appropriate, both the 90o and the 60o parking layouts tend to require the smallest area per car space. In typical lot layouts for large size vehicles, the average overall area required (including cross aisles and entrances) ranges between 310 and 330 square feet/car. A very flat angle layout is significantly less efficient than other angles.
One-Way Aisles
There are many conditions where one-way aisles are desirable. With parking angles less than 90o, drivers can be restricted to certain directions. However, the angle should usually be no greater than 75o. Drivers may be tempted to enter the parking aisles and stalls from the wrong direction when the stall angle is too large. Adjacent aisles generally have opposite driving directions.
| U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division Disability Rights Section |
When a business or State or local government restripes parking spaces in a parking lot or parking structure (parking facilities), it must provide accessible parking spaces as required by the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (2010 Standards).
In addition, businesses or privately owned facilities that provide goods or services to the public have a continuing ADA obligation to remove barriers to access in existing parking facilities when it is readily achievable to do so. Because restriping is relatively inexpensive, it is readily achievable in most cases. State and local government facilities also have an ongoing ADA obligation to make their programs accessible, which can require providing accessible parking.
This compliance brief provides information about the features of accessible car and van parking spaces and how many accessible spaces are required when parking facilities are restriped.
One of six accessible parking spaces,
but always at least one, must be van-accessible.
The required number of accessible parking spaces must be calculated separately for each parking facility, not calculated based on the total number of parking spaces provided on a site. One of six (or fraction of six) accessible parking spaces, but always at least one, must be van accessible.
Parking for hospital outpatient facilities, rehabilitation facilities, outpatient physical therapy facilities or residential facilities have substantially different requirements for accessibility (see 2010 Standards 208.2).
Parking Slots Measurements
Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces
2010 Standards (208.2)
Total Number of Parking Spaces Provided in | (Column A) Minimum Number of | Mininum Number of Van-Accessible Parking Spaces |
|---|---|---|
| 1 to 25 | 1 | 1 |
| 26 to 50 | 2 | 1 |
| 51 to 75 | 3 | 1 |
| 76 to 100 | 4 | 1 |
| 101 to 150 | 5 | 1 |
| 151 to 200 | 6 | 1 |
| 201 to 300 | 7 | 2 |
| 301 to 400 | 8 | 2 |
| 401 to 500 | 9 | 2 |
| 500 to 1000 | 2% of total parking provided in each lot or structure | 1/6 of Column A* |
| 1001 and over | 20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1000 | 1/6 of Column A* |
| *one out of every 6 accessible spaces | ||
Location
Accessible parking spaces must be located on the shortest accessible route of travel to an accessible facility entrance. Where buildings have multiple accessible entrances with adjacent parking, the accessible parking spaces must be dispersed and located closest to the accessible entrances.
When accessible parking spaces are added in an existing parking lot or structure, locate the spaces on the most level ground close to the accessible entrance. An accessible route must always be provided from the accessible parking to the accessible entrance. An accessible route never has curbs or stairs, must be at least 3 feet wide, and has a firm, stable, slip-resistant surface. The slope along the accessible route should not be greater than 1:12 in the direction of travel.
Accessible parking spaces may be clustered in one or more facilities if equivalent or greater accessibility is provided in terms of distance from the accessible entrance, parking fees, and convenience. Van-accessible parking spaces located in parking garages may be clustered on one floor (to accommodate the 98-inch minimum vertical height requirement).
Features of Accessible Parking Spaces
Accessible Parking Spaces with
60-inch Minimum Width Access Aisle for Cars
Notes:
1. Parking space identification sign with the international symbol of accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1 mounted 60 inches minimum above the ground surface measured to the bottom of the sign.
2. If the accessible route is located in front of the parking space, install wheel stops to keep vehicles from reducing the clear width of the accessible route below 36 inches.
3. Two parking spaces may share an access aisle except for angled parking spaces (see below).
Access aisle width is at least 60 inches, must be at the same level and the same length as the adjacent parking space(s) it serves, maximum slope in all directions is 1:48, and access aisle must connect to an accessible route to the building. Ramps must not extend into the access aisle.
4. Parking space shall be 96 inches wide minimum, marked to define the width, and maximum slope in all directions is 1:48.
5. Boundary of the access aisle must be clearly marked so as to discourage parking in it. (State or local laws may address the color and manner that parking spaces and access aisles are marked.)
Additional Notes:
Where parking spaces are marked with lines, width measurements of parking spaces and access aisles are to centerlines, except for the end space which may include the full width of the line.
Access aisles may be located on either side of the parking space except for angled van parking spaces which must have access aisles located on the passenger side of the parking spaces.
Parking Slot Measurement
Additional Features of Van-Accessible Parking Spaces
Van-accessible parking spaces incorporate the features of accessible parking spaces on the previous page and require the following additional features: a 'van accessible' designation on the sign; different widths for the van parking space or the access aisle; and at least 98 inches of vertical clearance for the van parking space, access aisle, and vehicular route to and from the van-accessible space. The first image below shows a van-accessible space with a 60-inch minimum width access aisle. The second image shows a van-accessible space with a 96-inch minimum width access aisle. Both configurations are permitted and requirements for van-accessible signage and vertical clearance apply to both configurations.
Van-Accessible Parking Space with
60-inch Minimum Width Access Aisle
Notes (for illustrations above and below):
1. Parking space identification sign with the international symbol of accessibility and designation, 'van accessible.' Note, where four or fewer parking spaces are provided on a site, a sign identifying the accessible space, which must be van-accessible, is not required.
2. Vertical clearance of 98 inches minimum to accommodate van height at the vehicle parking space, the adjacent access aisle, and on the vehicular route to and from the van-accessible space.
3. Van parking space must be 132 inches wide minimum with an adjacent 60-inch wide minimum access aisle. A van parking space of 96 inches wide minimum width an adjacent 96-inch wide minimum access aisle is also permitted (see below).
Van-Accessible Parking Space with
96-inch Minimum Width Access Aisle
Where four or fewer parking spaces are provided on a site,
signage identifying the van-accessible parking space is not required.
Resources
For more information about the ADA, please visit our website or call our toll-free number.
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For people with disabilities, this publication is available in alternate formats.
Reference:
2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
(available on ADA.gov and from the ADA Information Line)
Sections 208 & 502 Parking Spaces
Section 206 Accessible Route
Duplication of this document is encouraged.
December 2015
The Americans with Disabilities Act authorizes the Department of Justice (the Department) to provide technical assistance to individuals and entities that have rights or responsibilities under the Act. This document provides informal guidance to assist you in understanding the ADA and the Department's regulations.
This guidance document is not intended to be a final agency action, has no legally binding effect, and may be rescinded or modified in the Department's complete discretion, in accordance with applicable laws. The Department's guidance documents, including this guidance, do not establish legally enforceable responsibilities beyond what is required by the terms of the applicable statutes, regulations, or binding judicial precedent.